A migraine is a severe headache usually experienced on one side of the head. The condition is prevalent, affecting around one in seven people worldwide. Besides a headache, there can be other symptoms, too, such as sensitivity to light and sound. It can result from a lack of sleep, stress, hormonal changes, low blood sugar, and dehydration. While there is no cure, the following treatments, food plans, lifestyle changes, and remedies help manage migraine attacks:

Treatment options
There are several treatments for migraines, but the common ones are Nurtec ODT, UBRELVY, Excedrin, and QULIPTA:

Nurtec ODT
It is used for treating and even preventing migraine attacks. Nurtec ODT works by blocking specific receptors in the brain responsible for pain sensation. The treatment relieves common symptoms, such as headache, vomiting, and pain.

UBRELVY
It is recommended for treating migraines in adults and not for prevention. UBRELVY works by blocking a protein that is pivotal in causing migraine pain. The treatment begins to work quickly, and patients find relief within an hour. But it must be used after consulting with a doctor.

Excedrin
It effectively treats migraines and even other headaches and pains, such as muscle pain and arthritis. Excedrin contains a combination of compounds that relieve the symptoms of these ailments. One can consult a doctor to determine the correct dosage according to their condition.

QULIPTA
QULIPTA is used for preventing and reducing the frequency of migraine attacks. It does so by blocking a natural protein in the brain that usually causes the problem. The dosage can differ from person to person, so it is best to speak to a doctor before using this treatment option.

Foods to eat and avoid
Proper nutrition is essential to manage any ailment, and migraines are no exception. Below are a few foods that can help:

Spinach
Spinach is a leafy vegetable with high amounts of magnesium, a nutrient that helps relieve migraine pain. Studies say that magnesium also helps block signals to the brain that lead to specific forms of migraines. Avocado is another green veggie with high magnesium.

Ginger
Ginger is a popular spice that relieves migraine pain and associated symptoms like nausea. It is also beneficial for overall health. One can add ginger to various dishes and even teas.

Fatty fish
Omega-3 fatty acids found in fatty fish like tuna, salmon, mackerel, and trout are known to reduce the severity of migraine attacks and their frequency.

Flax seeds
Like fatty fish, flax seeds have high reserves of omega-3 fatty acids . It is an alternative for those who are vegetarian. Flax seeds can be added to smoothies, oatmeal, or other dishes, making it a versatile option.

While the above foods are suitable for those with migraines, the options that follow are best avoided as they have compounds that trigger the condition:

Yeast
Items containing yeast or sourdough have a compound known to trigger a migraine attack. So patients must avoid baked goods like bread, cakes, and donuts.

Cheese
The symptoms can worsen with most cheese varieties as they, too, have specific harmful compounds. The common types to avoid are blue cheese, mozzarella, and cheddar cheese.

Citrus fruits
Fresh fruits are excellent for health, but citrus fruits are a no-no for people dealing with the condition. Fruits like limes, lemons, and grapefruit can trigger headaches.

Lifestyle changes
Apart from using suitable treatment options and eating healthy foods, those prone to migraine attacks should make specific lifestyle adjustments:

Hydrate
Dehydration is a migraine trigger in most patients. So, it is advisable to have sufficient water throughout the day, especially during summer. Hydrating between attacks helps reduce the intensity and duration of the symptoms. Apart from water, one can opt for green smoothies and green tea. But coffee or caffeinated beverages must be avoided at all costs.

Reduce stress
Stress is another popular trigger for frequent migraine attacks. But it is one of those triggers that can be managed. Meditation is suitable to lower stress and calm the mind. It helps focus on the present and diverts the mind from stressful thoughts. Patients can also try yoga and exercise to relax and improve their mental health.

Home remedies
There are several home remedies to reduce the intensity of a headache. Below are three options:

Massaging the temples
Massaging the temples can relieve pain and even prevent a migraine attack to a certain extent. Further, it can reduce stress. However, specific massaging techniques need to be followed for the best results. Patients can talk to a doctor to know more about the same.

Applying a warm or cold compress
Placing a cold or warm compress on the back of the neck or forehead can help. A cold compress is preferred by most since it can numb the feeling of pain. On the other hand, a warm compress relaxes stiffness and tense muscles. This remedy can also treat other types of aches.

Resting in a dark and quiet place
Sensitivity to light and sound is among the common signs of the condition. Therefore, it is recommended to relax in a dark and quiet room. It can stop the activation of pain-transmitting cells, preventing a migraine attack.

Migraine is a common ailment affecting people of different age groups. Following these tips makes it easier to handle the symptoms effectively so that it does not affect a person’s routine.