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Epilepsy seizures – Types, causes symptoms, and management
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by surges of electrical activity in one’s brain. The disorder is primarily marked by severe and recurrent seizures. These seizures may happen due to some trigger factors or medical conditions or may be unprovoked. Considered to be the fourth most common brain disorder, epilepsy affects about 50 million people worldwide. Keep reading to learn more about types of epilepsy seizures, common causes, symptoms, and treatment options for the disorder. What is epilepsy? Epilepsy seizures are sudden and uncontrollable and lead to involuntary movements resulting from abnormal and excessive brain activity. This condition may result in momentary concentration lapses, jerky movements of the muscles, or severe, protracted convulsions. Loss of awareness and control over bowel or bladder function can occur together with an epileptic episode. It can vary in frequency from person to person and can affect a patient’s entire body or just a part of it. In addition, the condition may significantly lower a person’s quality of life. Types of epilepsy seizures Epilepsy doctors classify seizures into different categories – primary generalized seizures and partial seizures. The way the seizures start varies in each case. The primary generalized seizure is an electrical discharge that simultaneously affects both sides of the brain. On the other hand, partial seizures affect a small portion of the brain. Primary generalized seizures can be further divided into various types listed below. Absence seizures – They are common in children and is marked by involuntary body movements like eye blinking and lip-smacking, staring into space, and brief loss of awareness. Tonic seizures – Marked by muscular stiffness in one’s back, arms, and legs. People experiencing tonic seizures may lose consciousness and muscle control and suddenly fall to the ground or drop their heads. Clonic seizures – Here, the patient experiences repeated jerking muscle movements which majorly affect one’s neck, face, and both arms.
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